Basic of computer

Basic of Computer (BIT)
☚ Comparisons between Generation
Digital Vs Analog Computer ☛
\In this article, we will see or learn all about the basics of computers or basic information technology (BIT).

Classification of computers

Computers can be classified into various categories depending on the following: 

  • According to purpose
  • According to the technology used.
  • According to the size and storage capacity.
  • According to historical advancement.

According to purpose:

On the basis of purpose, computer can be classified into two types:

  1. Special purpose computer
  2. General purpose computer.

Special purpose:

Special purpose computer are those computer which are designed to perform some specific type of task or job.

Example: weather forecasting, satellite launching.


General purpose:

General purpose computer, which are designed not to perform only specific task instead they are designed to handle a variety of applications.

Example: computer used in school, colleges and offices.

According to the technology :

On the basis of Computer technology used computers can be classified into three types

  1. Digital computer
  2. Analog computer
  3. Hybrid computer

Digital computer:

Digital computer is a general-purpose computer that represents and store data information in the form of number letter and special characters this type of computer input device converts the data into electrical pulses and perform the arithmetic operation in discrete form.

Examples: calculator, Pentium computers.

Advantages of digital computer:

  • Any Desired level of accuracy can be achieved.

  • The storage capacity of a digital computer is quite large

Advantages of digital computer:

  • Cost is high
  • Programming is complex

Analogue computer:

  • Analogue computers are special purpose computers which represent and store data information in the form of continuously varying physical quantities such as current voltage or frequency.
    Example :   thermometer, speedometer

Hybrid computer :

  • Hybrid computers company combines the features of both digitals as well as analog computer.

According to the size and storage capacity:

On the basis of size and storage capacity, computers can be divided into the following four types

  1. Micro computer
  2. Mini computer
  3. Mainframe computer
  4. Supercomputer

Microcomputer:

  • Microcomputer, digital computer unit consists of one or more microprocessors one or more input-output units, and sufficient memory to execute an instruction.
  • A typical microcomputer memory unit stores up to 64 MB of data
    Example: IBM system 123, apple ll

Mini computer:

  • Mini computers are medium scale computers in the sense that they are faster than microcomputers but slower than Mainframe computers.
  • the processing speed lies in the range of 10 to 30 MIPS.
  • Memory capacity light in the range of 8 to 1024 MB
  • Examples: IBM PDP 1

Mainframe computers:

  • Mainframe computers are general purpose computer which are designed to handle all types of scientific and business applications with a large volume of data instruction and information
  • Can support varieties of peripheral devices light magnetic tapes, driver, hard disk driver visual display units?
    Example cDC 600 v a x 8842.

Super Computer:

  • Computers are characterized by their large size and very high processing speed and are generally used for complex scientific applications.
  • They can execute instructions in the range of 5 billion instruction per second.
  • Example CRAY 3,PARAM 9000 
☚ Comparisons between Generation
Digital Vs Analog Computer ☛